Retiree in Ipoh Managing Knee Osteoarthritis

Presenting Complaint

Encik Ahmad presented with bilateral knee pain that had been gradually worsening over 3 years. He reported difficulty climbing stairs, getting up from low chairs, and walking for more than 15 minutes. The pain was worse in the mornings and after prolonged inactivity. He had been relying on over-the-counter painkillers daily and was concerned about the long-term effects of medication use.

Assessment Findings

Assessment revealed Grade 2-3 bilateral knee osteoarthritis (confirmed by X-ray from referring doctor). Significant quadriceps weakness bilaterally. Reduced knee flexion (limited to 100 degrees on right, 110 degrees on left). Mild varus alignment. Balance and proprioception were impaired. BMI was 27.5, indicating slight overweight which increases joint loading.

Treatment Plan

• Gentle range of motion exercises and joint mobilisation techniques
• Progressive quadriceps and hamstring strengthening (starting with isometric exercises)
• Aquatic therapy / hydrotherapy sessions (2x per week initially)
• Balance and proprioception training to reduce fall risk
• Weight management advice and low-impact exercise recommendations
• Heat therapy before exercises, ice therapy after for pain management
• Home exercise program with seated and standing exercises
• Education on joint protection strategies and activity modification

Outcome

After 12 weeks of physiotherapy, Encik Ahmad achieved significant improvement in daily function. He reduced his reliance on pain medication by over 80% and can now walk for 30-40 minutes comfortably. He continues with a home exercise program, attends tai chi twice weekly, and returns for physiotherapy maintenance sessions once a month. His quality of life has improved substantially.